Patch basically has a driver file for installation. Now a days patch comes with a unified(U) driver which is applied on all nodes in a multi-node set up and auto-patch(adpatch) automatically determines what action to take for the node.
Basically there are 3 drivers->
C--copy driver--to copy and update files, libraries, and/or Java--applied on all application tiers
D--database driver--commands to change database objects such as PL/SQL and table definitions, or to update or migrate data---applied on only the application tiers node which had Admin server
G--generate driver--to generate forms, reports, messages, and/or graphics files---applied on all application tiers unless appl_top implements only the Admin server
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